Journal: Diabetes, obesity & metabolism
Article Title: Diabetes, glycaemic traits and cardiovascular disease in females and males: Observational and Mendelian randomisation analyses in the UK Biobank.
doi: 10.1111/dom.16406
Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 2 Cox regression estimates and Mendelian randomisation estimates of the association between HbA1c and cardiovascular disease outcomes in females and males. MR estimates are from inverse-variance weighted MR and odds ratios (ORs) can be interpreted as the effect per 1% increase in genetically predicted HbA1c level. MR analyses were performed in 337 386 UK Biobank participants. Cox regressions were performed in 468 838 UK Biobank participants and adjusted for sex, type 2 diabetes status, Townsend deprivation index (an area-based measure of socioeconomic status), systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol levels, smoking status, body mass index, use of lipid-lowering medication and use of antihypertensives, including an interaction term between each of these adjustment variables and sex. RHRs present the female-to-male ratios of HRs as obtained from an interaction term of HbA1c and sex, and RORs present the female-to-male ratios of ORs as obtained from two separate MR analyses. CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; MR, Mendelian randomisation; OR, odds ratio; RHR, ratio of hazard ratios; ROR, ratio of odds ratios.
Article Snippet: Blood HbA1c levels were measured in mmol/ mol with high-performance liquid chromatography using the Bio-Rad VARIANT II TURBO HbA1c analyser.
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